Chemical bonding, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and engineering materials.
Molecular orbital theory for diatomic molecules (homonuclear & heteronuclear), band theory of solids, crystal field theory, coordination complexes, and magnetic properties.
First and Second laws of thermodynamics, entropy, Gibbs free energy and spontaneity, Phase rule and single-component water system, rate laws, order and molecularity of reactions.
Electrochemical cells, Nernst equation, reference electrodes (Calomel, Glass), modern batteries (Li-ion), fuel cells, dry and wet corrosion mechanisms, and cathodic protection methods.
Principles and applications of UV-Visible spectroscopy (Beer-Lambert law), Infrared (IR) spectroscopy (functional group identification), and 1H-NMR spectroscopy.
Classification and polymerization mechanisms, thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, conducting polymers, synthesis and engineering applications, composites, and nanomaterials.